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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Goulburn is a provincial cathedral city in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia in Goulburn Mulwaree Council. It is located 190 km south west of Sydney on the Hume Highway and 690 metres above sea-level. It has a population of approximately 25,000. It brands itself as "Australia's first inland city". Goulburn was named by James Meehar and the name was ratified by Governor Lachlan Macquarie, after Henry Goulburn, Secretary of State for War and the Colonies. The Aboriginal name for Goulburn is Burbong. Goulburn is a railhead and service centre for the surrounding pastoral industry and a stopover for those travelling on the Hume Highway. Goulburn was bypassed in 1992 and its particularly long main street is quieter, but still busy during Saturday morning shopping. It has a pleasant central park and many historic buildings, including old houses near the railway station on Sloane Street and two 19th century cathederals. It is home to the Big Merino, the world's largest cement sheep. The first recorded settler in Goulburn established 'Strathallan' in 1825 (on the site of the present Police Academy) and a town was originally surveyed in 1828, although moved to the present site of the city in 1833 when Surveyor Hoddle laid it out. George Johnson purchased the first land in the area between 1839 and 1842 and became a central figure in the town's development. He established a branch store with a liquor license in 1848. By 1841 Goulburn had a population of some 1200 people - a courthouse, police barracks, churches, hospital and post office and was the centre of a great sheep and farming area.